Weighting animal hairs



Patented Nod. 15,1932

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE j eusrav scawnn, or LUnwmsmnN-on-rnn-mn.maxim, eanmmr, assronons we I. c. raannnmnnsrnm axrmneasnnnserum, ormamrron-r-ox-rnE-mam, ennmm wmenrme aimaar. mms' f ll'o Drawing.Application filed November 8, 1980, Serial No. 493.909.1111! in GermanyNovember-1 9, 1929.

The present invention relates to weighting animal hairs.

It is already known that textiles and the like of animal fibres,especially wool, are frea -qucntly treated with "water-soluble products,as for example Glaubers salt, urea vegetable products such as caragheenmoss extract, starch and the like in order to improve the touch andappearance as well as to increase the weight. All these products,however, have the objection that, for want of afiinity for the woolfibres, they are comparatively easily removed again. For example if amaterial impregnated with the products hereinbefore mentioned, as forexample Glaubers salt, be exposed to the rain, the filling material isremoved and the goods assume their original objectionable externalproperties, such as flaccidtouch, bad crease lines, crumpled ap-' 2opearance and the like. The same objection-s are apparent after washinggoods treated in this manner.

as wool, or fabrics made therefrom, can be '25 weighted in anadvantageous manner by treating them with aqueous reparations containingat least 10 per cent y weight'of the hairs of water-soluble or anicnon-dyeing halo enated compounds 0 weight which have an aflinity. foranimal fibres. The quantities of these compounds to be em loyed in eachcase depend on the-desired egree of weighting. and on the afiinity forthe animal fibreof the compounds concerned and are so chosen that atleast 5 per cent, calculated with reference to the goods,

go on to the hairs. Especiall halogenated organic compounds of high moecular weight which have an acid character or which contain acid groupsand which have an aflinity for the fibres, as well as neutral or acidsalts of these are suitable for this -purpose. The,

effect can be increased in most cases, especially when employing neutralsalts, by an addition of acid a nts which are easily solublc in water,suc as formic, acetic, oxalic, tartaric, hydrochloric or sulphuric acidsor acid salts of such acids, which acid agents are necessary if theaforesaid com unds are em- 80 ployed in the form of salts. e fastness ofhigh molecular the resulting weighting to washing is gen-- erallydependent on the molecular weight of the compound employed, and theproducts of the aforesaid nature having the highest mo- -lecularweightusually have the better fastness to washing. Suitable substances for useaccordingto the present invention are watersoluble practicallynon-dyeingv halogenated substances which contain acid 'radicles such assulphonic, boxyl and like radicles and, generally speaking, have amolecular weight of at least 200. The said substances may be derivedfrom open chain or cyclic aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatichydrocarbons or their derivatives which contain hydroxy, amino alkoxy,carbonyl and the like groups which, however, mustnot possess achromophoro'us eifect in the particular compound emplo ed.

In order to carry out the process acco ing (0 to the present invention,the animal fibres V may be treatedwith the said products for I We havenow foimd that animal hairs, such example by dissolving or suspendingthe said products in water or another suitable liquid and. causing themto, act on the fibres. at room. temperature or while warming. It is also"possible" tocarry out the impregnation of the bres by slop-padding,padding or printing and ifdesired subsequent steaming.

The treatment of the animal fibres may also be carried out together withsome other proc: ess of textile improvement. Thus for ex- Y ample thoseproducts which go on the animal fibres from acid solution while warmingmay be added to the acid dye-bath and allowed to go on the fibrestogether with the dyestuif. Or the dyestuif may be allowed to go onfirst, the said products being allowed to go on subsequently butin thesame bath.

The treatment of the animal hair may be carried out with the latter inthe form of finished fabrics or in the form of loose fibres or skeins.The treatment may be applied in addition towool, to the hair of anyanimals, such as hares, rabbits, camels, cows and like animal hair.-

Y Thus for example it is possible according to the present invention tostart with an inferior, light and thin woollen material of bad touch andobjectionable creasing lines and to sulphuric, phosphoric, car-, so.

100 kilograms of loose wool are treated for one hour with an aqueoussolution of kiloams of 2.3.6-trichloraniline sulphonic acid and ,10kilograms of sulphuric acid in'2 cubic metres of water at the boilingtemperature and are then thoroughly rinsed. By this treatment the woolincreases in weight by I about 19 or cent and acquires a full touch.

The weig ted goods only decrease slightly in weight when treated withwater. In a similar manner, derivatives of trichloraniline sulphonicacid may be employed, as for example products bnzoylated in the aminogroup,

which products have a still better fastne'ss to washing than thenon-benzoylated compound.

" Example 2 v 100 kilograms of wool are treated for half I an hour withan aqueous solution of 50=kilograms of 2f.4-dichlorbenzoyl- -acid.

SOIH

and 5 per cent of sulphuric acid of 66 Baum strength on 2.5 cubic metresof water. There is an increase in weight of 20 per cent and asubstantial improvement in the touch of the wool. I

' 'Ewample 3 kilograms of woolen piece goods are treated in a reel vatfor from 1 to 1% hours at from 90 to 95- C. with an aqueous solution of10 kilograms of trichlor naphthalene sulphonic acid and 5 kilograms .ofsulphuric acid 65 of 66 Baum strength in 1 cubic metreof water. Afterrinsing and. drying the goods tractand the like.

, show a considerable increase in weight. The

touch is extremely powerful andsoft andunattainable with the. fillershitherto used such as-urea, Glaubers salt, carragheen moss ex- Ewample 450 kilograms of light woollen fabrics are treated for one hour in aboiling aqueous solution of 10 kilograms of the condensation productfrom 2.4-dichlorphenol and -benz aldehyde-ortho-sulphonic' acid and 5kilograms of G-laubers salt, 2.5 kilograms of acetic acid and 1.5kilograms of sulphuric acid in 2 cubic metres of water.

In this manner goods having substantially improved quality are obtained.The 1ncrease in weight amounts to 17.5 per cent.

Ema'hzple .5

5 kilograms of woollen yarn are treated at from 'to 100 C. with anaqueous solution of 2.5 kilograms of the condensation product specifiedin Example 4, 0.5 kilogram of Glaubers salt, 0.25 kilogram of aceticacid of 6 Baum strength and 0.5 kilogram of sulphuric acid of 66 Baumstrength in 200 kilograms of water, the weighting I efl'ect amounts to35.5 per cent. The goods acquire a very powerful touch and the weighting15 fast to water.

' Example 6' A standard piece of light woollen fabric, 60 '2 metres longand 12 kilograms in weight, 18 dyed on' thereel vat in 50 times itsweight ofa bath whichcontains:

Grams Gyananthrol R (Schultz, Farbstoffv tabellen, 1923, No. 859) 96Sorbin red BBG (Schultz, Farbstoif tabellen, 1923, No. 64) 'r 24Azoflavin RS (Schultz, Farbstofitabellen, 1923, No. 140) 14 CalcinedGlaubers salt l. 1200 Acetic acid of 6 Baum strength 500 The temperatureat the start is 50 0., and it. is raised during the course of halfa'nhour,

to the boiling temperature. 500 grams of sulphuric acid of 66 Baumstrength are then added, the whole is boiled for three quarters of anhour, 6 kilograms of the condensation product obtainable by condensingmolecular proportions of phenol and orthochlor benzyl chloride in thepresence of about 2 molecular proportions of concentrated sulphuric acidat about'45 C., are added and the whole is boiled'for another halfanhour. The goods acquire a very full powerful touch and increase'i'nweight by about 23 per cent by this treatment; a

Example 7' i i 30 kilograms of woollen yarn are boiled for one hour in avat of 1 cubic metre of water In addition to a substantial improvementin 29 per cent.

touch, there is an increase in weight of 23 pzr cent. If 3 kilograms ofsulphuric acid also added the increase in weight rises to Example 8 50kilograms of loose wool are dyed in a mechanical dyeing apparatus withan.

aqueous solution of 5 kilograms of sulphocyanin black BB (Schultz,Farbstofitabellen, 1923, No. 265), and 25 kilograms of tetrachlorphthalic acid in 1.2 cubic metres of water. At the start the temperatureis 50 C. and this is raised slowly to the boiling temperature and thewhole is boiled for 1% hours.

62 kilograms of a loose wool dyed black are obtained which arecharacterized by a great filling power in weaving.

Example 9 Blanket yarn is treated for one hour with 20 times its weightof an aqueous solution of 30-per cent of tetrabromephthalic acid and 10per cent of formic acid calculated on the weight of the yarn. The touchbecomes full and powerful and the weight of the goods increases by about16 per cent.

Example 10 Example 11 Voollen piece goods are dyed with about 30 timestheir weight of an aqueous solution containing 0.5 per cent by weight ofthe goods of cyananthrol R, 10 per cent of acetic acid of 6 Baumstrength and 10 per cent of the condensation product referred to inExample 4, while'boiling for 1 hour. The

dyed goods are considerably weighted and show a good touch and veryuniform shades which cannot be obtained when dyeing with acetic acidonly.

Example 12 A piece of fine wool cloth is dyed with 30 times its weightof an aqueous solution containing 1 per cent by weight of anthraquinonegreen (Schultz, Farbstofi'tabellen 1923, No. 864), 10 per cent oftetrachlor phthalic sodium salt and 3 per cent of formic acid at percent of chlorine,

a temperature between 80 and 100 C. The cloth is considerably improvedas regards its weight and its touch and the shades are much more uniformthan can be obtained withoutthe employment of the said sodium salt.

. E wample 13 In a similar manner other highly chlorin-- I ated acids ofvegetal fats and oils and their synthetic equivalents, such aschlorinated acids of train oil, oleic acid, acids of soya bean oils,castor oil and the like chlorinated acids of high molecular weight maybe em.-

. ployed. The said acids may also have been previously subjected to asulphonation whereby their'aflinity to the fibres is increased. The saidchlorinated fatty acids may be also replaced by chlorinated paraiiinwaxes which for increasing their solubility in water, have beensulphonated if so desired.

Particularly valuable products can be obtained by chlorinating paraffinwax at from about 150 to 250 C. until it contains from about 40 to 55per cent of chlorine, treating the product at fromabout 200 to 250- C.with alkali or with alkali earth metal hydroxide until the product showsan iodine value from about 30 to 50 and sulphonating the unsaturatedproduct in any usual and convenient manner until a water-soluble productcontaining chlorine is obtained.

What we claim is I 1. The process for weighting animal hairs whichcomprises acting on animal hairs with an aqueous preparation comprisingat least 10 per cent by weight of the hairs of a watersoluble organicnon-dyeing halogenated compound having a high molecular weight and anaflinity'for animal fibres.

2. The process for Weighting animal hairs which comprises acting onanimal hairs with an aqueous preparation comprising at least 10 per centby weight of the hairs of a watersoluble organic non-dyeing halogenatedcompound containing an acid group and having a. molecular weight of atleast 200.

3. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with and weihted by at least 5 per cent their weight 0 an organic non-dyeinghalogenated compound having a high molecular weight and an aflinity foranimal fibres.

4. As new articles of .manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent their weight of an organic nondyeinghalogenated compound containing an I acid group and having a molecularweight of at least 200. p r

5. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent their weight of an aromatic, non-dyeinghalogenated compound containing an acid group and having a molecularweight of at least 200.

'6. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent their weight of an aromatic, nondyeinghalogenated compound containing at least one acid radicle, selected fromthe group consisting of carboxyl and sulphonic radicles, and having amolecular weight of at least 200.

7. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent of their weight of a polynucleararomatic, non-dyeing halogenated compound containing at least one acidradicle selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and sulphonicradicles.

8. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent their weight of polyhalogenated phthalicacid.

9. As new articles of manufacture animal hairs combined with andweighted by at least 5 per cent their weight of a sulphonation productof a material selectedfrom the group consistin of chlorinated parafiinwaxes and of c orinated acids of vegetal' fats and oils. c

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

GUSTAV SCHWEN. HANS KRZIKALLA.

